A bus with n passengers opens its door at the bus stop. Exactly half of its passengers and an additional half of a passenger get out. On the next stop, again, half of the passengers plus half of a passenger leave the bus. This goes on for k stops in total. Knowing that the bus leaves the last stop empty, and that no one was hurt during the trip, determine the initial number n of people in the bus.

Input

The first line of input contains the number of test cases t. The descriptions of the test cases follow:

The only line of each test case contains the number of stops k (1 ≤ k ≤ 30).

Output

For each test case print a single line containing the initial number of passengers in the bus.